Various crystal forms of alumina (α, β, γ, δ, θ, etc.) have been found, among which γ-Al2O3 is also called active alumina.

Because of its large specific surface area, rich pore structure, good adsorption performance and good surface acidity, γ-Al2O3 is widely used as catalyst and catalyst carrier, adsorbent and dehydrating agent in various industries, automobile exhaust purifier and so on. For supported catalysts, high specific surface area and high thermal stability are favorable for loading more metal active components to prepare catalysts with better activity, selectivity and stability. On the other hand, the γ-alumina material with large pore volume can be obtained with proper pore size distribution, which can dredge the reaction and product transfer when it involves liquid reaction, macromolecular reaction and so on. it is of great significance to improve the conversion of reactants to target products.

γ-alumina and η-alumina are called activated alumina, which are typical dehydration catalysts.

For example, alcohols catalyze dehydration to olefins, ammonia and methanol or ethanol undergo intermolecular dehydration to produce methylamine or ethylamine. γ-Al2O3 is tetragonal, η-AI2O3 is cubic, and their lattice is similar to spinel structure. In industry, sodium metaaluminate is transformed into sodium metaaluminate by the reaction of aluminum hydroxide and alkali, acidified into pH > 7, converted into pseudo-boehmite at 20 ℃, and then adjusted to pH > 12 at 20 ℃ to obtain gibbsite. After heating up to 80 ℃, boehmite is transformed into boehmite, which is converted into γ-AI2O3 after calcination at 450C. In addition to being used as dehydration catalysts, γ-AI2O3 and η-AI2O3 can also be used as acidic carriers of bifunctional catalysts. There are stereotyped products in China.

γ-alumina is a nanometer material obtained by calcining aluminum hydroxide at 550 ℃ to 800 ℃. It is also called active alumina in industry, and its molecular formula is γ-Al2O3, which is a white powder solid. It has the advantages of porosity, high specific surface area, good thermal stability, moderate surface acidity and basicity and low cost, so it is often used as hydrogenation catalyst carrier.

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